ALL IMPORTANT NORMAL LABORATORY VALUES FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS

 

DR.C.GANESAN M.D.,

PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE

1. Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Parameter	Normal Value
Hemoglobin (Male)	13–17 g/Dl
Hemoglobin (Female)	12–15 g/dL
RBC Count (Male)	4.5–5.9 million/µL
RBC Count (Female)	4.1–5.1 million/µL
Hematocrit (Male)	40–54%
Hematocrit (Female)	36–48%
Total WBC Count	4,000–11,000/µL
Platelet Count	150,000–450,000/µL
Reticulocyte Count	0.5–2%
ESR (Male)	0–15 mm/hr
ESR (Female)	0–20 mm/hr

Differential Leukocyte Count

Cell	Normal Value
Neutrophils	40–70%
Lymphocytes	20–40%
Monocytes	2–8%
Eosinophils	1–6%
Basophils	0–1%

2. Blood Glucose Profile

Parameter	Normal Value
Fasting Blood Sugar	70–100 mg/dL
Random Blood Sugar	70–140 mg/dL
2-Hour Postprandial	<140 mg/dL
HbA1c	4–5.6%

3. Renal Function Tests

Parameter	Normal Value
Blood Urea	15–40 mg/dL
BUN	7–20 mg/dL
Serum Creatinine	0.6–1.2 mg/dL
Uric Acid	3.5–7 mg/dL
eGFR	>90 mL/min/1.73m²

4. Liver Function Tests

Parameter	Normal Value
Total Bilirubin	0.2–1.2 mg/dL
Direct Bilirubin	0–0.3 mg/dL
Indirect Bilirubin	0.2–0.9 mg/dL
AST (SGOT)	5–40 U/L
ALT (SGPT)	5–45 U/L
ALP	40–125 U/L
GGT	10–50 U/L
Total Protein	6–8 g/dL
Albumin	3.5–5 g/dL
Globulin	2–3.5 g/dL
A/G Ratio	1.2–2.0

5. Lipid Profile

Parameter	Normal Value
Total Cholesterol	<200 mg/dL
Triglycerides	<150 mg/dL
HDL Cholesterol	>40 mg/dL
LDL Cholesterol	<100 mg/dL
VLDL Cholesterol	5–40 mg/dL

6. Serum Electrolytes

Parameter	Normal Value
Sodium (Na⁺)	135–145 mEq/L
Potassium (K⁺)	3.5–5.0 mEq/L
Chloride (Cl⁻)	98–106 mEq/L
Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)	22–28 mEq/L

7. Minerals

Parameter	Normal Value
Total Calcium	8.5–10.5 mg/dL
Ionized Calcium	4.5–5.6 mg/dL
Phosphorus	2.5–4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium	1.5–2.5 mEq/L
Copper	70–140 µg/dL
Zinc	70–120 µg/dL

8. Iron Studies

Parameter	Normal Value
Serum Iron	60–170 µg/dL
Ferritin (Male)	30–300 ng/mL
Ferritin (Female)	15–150 ng/mL
TIBC	250–450 µg/dL
Transferrin Saturation	20–50%

9. Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)

Parameter	Normal Value
Ph	7.35–7.45
PaO₂	80–100 mmHg
PaCO₂	35–45 mmHg
HCO₃⁻	22–26 mEq/L
Oxygen Saturation	95–100%
Base Excess	-2 to +2 mEq/L

10. Cardiac Biomarkers

Parameter	Normal Value
Troponin I	<0.04 ng/mL
Troponin T	<0.01 ng/mL
CK-MB	<5 ng/mL
BNP	<100 pg/mL

11. Pancreatic Enzymes

Parameter	Normal Value
Serum Amylase	30–110 U/L
Serum Lipase	10–140 U/L

12. Thyroid Function Tests

Parameter	Normal Value
TSH	0.4–4.0 mIU/L
Free T4	0.8–2.0 ng/dL
Free T3	2.3–4.2 pg/mL
Total T4	5–12 µg/dL
Total T3	80–200 ng/dL

13. Coagulation Profile

Parameter	Normal Value
Bleeding Time	2–7 min
Clotting Time	5–15 min
PT	11–13 sec
INR	0.8–1.2
aPTT	25–35 sec
Fibrinogen	200–400 mg/dL

14. Urinalysis

Parameter	Normal Value
Urine Volume	800–2000 mL/day
Specific Gravity	1.005–1.030
pH	4.5–8.0
Protein	Negative
Glucose	Negative
Ketones	Negative
Bilirubin	Negative
RBC	0–2/HPF
WBC	0–5/HPF

15. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Parameter	Normal Value
Appearance	Clear
Opening Pressure	10–20 cm H₂O
Protein	15–45 mg/dL
Glucose	45–80 mg/dL
Cells	0–5 lymphocytes/µL
Chloride	118–132 mEq/L

16. Hormonal Values

Parameter	Normal Value
Serum Cortisol (Morning)	5–25 µg/dL
ACTH	10–60 pg/mL
Insulin (Fasting)	2–25 µIU/mL
PTH	10–65 pg/mL
Prolactin	2–25 ng/mL

17. Inflammatory Markers

Parameter	Normal Value
CRP	<5 mg/L
Procalcitonin	<0.1 ng/mL
Rheumatoid Factor	<20 IU/mL
Anti-CCP	<20 U/mL

18. Tumor Markers

Parameter	Normal Value
AFP	<10 ng/mL
CEA	<5 ng/mL
PSA	<4 ng/mL
CA-125	<35 U/mL
CA 19-9	<37 U/mL
CA 15-3	<30 U/mL

Quick Viva Values

·         Hemoglobin = 13–17 g/dL (Male)

·         WBC = 4,000–11,000/µL

·         Platelets = 150,000–450,000/µL

·         FBS = 70–100 mg/dL

·         Creatinine = 0.6–1.2 mg/dL

·         Bilirubin = 0.2–1.2 mg/dL

·         Sodium = 135–145 mEq/L

·         Potassium = 3.5–5.0 mEq/L

·         Calcium = 8.5–10.5 mg/dL

·         TSH = 0.4–4.0 mIU/L

·         pH = 7.35–7.45

·         INR = 0.8–1.2

·         CRP = <5 mg/L

·         Troponin I = <0.04 ng/mL

·         HbA1c = <5.7%

This serves as a consolidated reference of the most commonly used laboratory values for MBBS, MD, DNB, DM, MCh, nursing, and allied health science students.

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